Argument. Men and particularly princes Essay

Argument Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Men and particularly princes should be very careful when making their decisions and they should not be concerned by the making decisions that always favors their subjects and friends but they should be concerned more on the outcomes of their decisions and whether those decisions will benefit their state. I strongly believe that there should not be procedures and methods set to be used by princes in dealing with their friends and subjects. This is because different situations require to be handled differently since the societies keeps changing and therefore, princes should not follow set procedures and methods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Princes are judged by their subjects through their qualities which will make their subjects either to praise them or to blame them. However, it would be very difficult for the princes to fulfill all the qualities that their subjects expect them to have due to human nature. Therefore, princes should be very careful to escape from bad reputation of those vices which would make them lose the state.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I agree with the statement that a quality which seems to be a virtue, if pursued may end up destructing the individual who decides to pursue such a quality; while another quality which appears to be a vice, if an individual decides to pursue such a vice might end up being more beneficial to such an individual and to the society. Therefore, princes should be very prudent when making decisions since a quality which seems to be vice may end up being a virtue, and vice versa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Princes can be generous which seems to be a virtue but may end up giving them a bad reputation among their subjects. This is because such princes maybe generous and end up using up all their resources or overburdening their subjects with excessive taxes and doing everything possible in order to the funds. This quality of generosity may give such princes a bad reputation and his generosity may end up offending their subjects thus hating their princes. Also through not being generous may lead them to appear to be a miser according to their subjects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For instance, Pope Julius II although he used his generosity to attain papacy however he decided to end his generosity in order to reduce the expenditures so as to be able to wage war. Therefore, princes should use any virtue such as generosity in a way that will not harm them. In this regard, princes should avoid overburdening subjects or becoming poor as a result of their generosity. Also, in order for a prince to avoid destroying their rule they should not mind being branded as misers since this would be a key vice that would help them to rule their subjects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although princes should avoid being cruel and should be merciful but they should be very careful not to abuse their mercy. This is because being too merciful may be abused which may lead to disorder in a state resulting to increased crimes thus harming the society at large. For instance, although cesare Borgia was regarded cruel, he was able to restore order, peace and unity in Romagna through his cruelty. Therefore princes should not mind being refereed to be cruel in their attempts to keep their subjects loyal and united. It would be much safer for princes to be feared than being loved by their subjects. In this regard they should do anything to ensure that there is order, peace and unity in their states even if it means taking someone’s life for the benefit of their states at large. This may result to some of their subjects hating them however, this would be less harmful to them and also it would beneficial to their states at lar ge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Princes should not care much on keeping their promises to their subjects and in some circumstances the princes are supposed to manipulate their subject’s mind with shrewdness if this would be more safer for them and also if this would be more beneficial to their state. Princes must be aware of how to deal with different situations since fulfilling their promises in some circumstances would bring harm to them and to their subjects. In such situations such princes should be wise and know how to deceive their subjects to avoid fulfilling their promises where they feel that keeping their words would bring harm to their state or to themselves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this regard, princes are not necessitated to have all the good qualities but it is very important for them to appear as if they have them. This is because having those all qualities and practicing all of them would bring more harm. For example, appearing being faithful, religious, merciful, trustworthy and humane among other good qualities would be necessary and princes should know how to practice them in different situations, however, practicing all of them would lead to more harm than good as subjects would misuse them to cause disorder which may increase the crime rates which would be harmful to the states. References Machiavelli, NiccoloÃÅ'â‚ ¬. The prince. Belle Fourche: NuVision Publications, 2004. Print. Source document

The 1944 Education Act and Its Ramifications to Date

The 1944 Education Act and its ramifications to date The purpose of this essay is to identify the features of the 1944 Education Act and its ramifications. The state of education prior to the 1944 Act will be mentioned and how it mirrored society as a whole. A critical appraisal of justifications for selection and comprehensivisation, as a successor to the tripartite system, will be addressed. This paper will also provide an explanation of the selection process and the arguments and problems that relate to it.I will be analysing the sociological ideas and will be discussing post war trends and events in Britain and education in particular and evaluating how issues of ability, IQ, class, gender and or/ethnicity have affected change. At an appropriate point, mention will also be made of the Nature/Nurture debate and how these factors affect academic achievement. Historically education was only available to affluent males. Grammar schools run by the church taught Latin, Greek and R. E. The fees to attend such schools were extremely high, therefore education and social class were very much linked together.Education for women was only made available to extremely wealthy women of the upper class and only consisted of embroidery, music, singing, painting etc. Women were seen to be pure and virginal and their placement within society was in the home. The lower class members of society really struggled and were not offered many educational opportunities. Eventually education for women was offered but it was very limited. During the eighteenth century there were many developments to education, one being the introduction of charity schools (elementary schools), which were aimed at providing a very basic education for the poor.They were taught the basic 3 R’s which were reading, writing and arithmetic. This empowered them with sufficient literacy to function in society but not enough to challenge or change a society, therefore status quo is maintained. The schools w ere created for the 7 – 12 age groups, so with only 5 years of learning and limited resources, the children were not very rounded. This generation of ill-educated children were only educated to fit a certain role such as factory and shop workers. The 1870 Forster Act & the 1902 Balfour Act were beneficial to the working class in that they created expansion/extension of education.Although they created expansion, it still led to greater numbers of children having a ‘limited education. ’ The 1944 Education Act (‘The Butler Act’) was introduced and aimed to remove the inequalities that remained in the system. Education was now mandatory, the school leaving age was raised from 12 to 15 years old and free secondary education was provided for all pupils. The tripartite system was created consisting of three different types of schools; grammar, technical and secondary modern.Children would be allocated a place in one of these schools dependant on the results of a new examination taken at the age of eleven, known as the ‘11 plus. ’ This was intended to give children of all backgrounds equal opportunities to gain a better education, rather than one based on the ability of their parents to pay expensive fees for private education. It did provide the working class with the opportunity to gain entry to grammar schools but the assessment only focused on three subjects: English, Maths & Logic. If one of those subjects was not your strong point, then your whole life chances were determined of that one exam.Also the 11 plus only focused on a child’s performance on that particular exam day, so if you were ill or were suffering from family or domestic problems that had a bearing on how you were thinking or feeling, it was not taken into consideration. In that respect I feel the 11 plus selective system was unfair. An individual’s opportunity to get the best possible education was all down to that one particular day. Acc ording to Rick Roger’s book ‘Education & Social Class: â€Å"In reality, the notion of ‘equal but different’ failed and parity of esteem between the three different schools was never created.Few technical schools were established and the secondary modern became the cinderellas of the education service despite providing for the majority of the school population. †(Roger 1986: 3) This extract shows that new system didn’t manage to reduce the social division it merely replaced it with a newer form of social division. The nature/nurture debate is neither unique nor particular to the 1944 Act, but it is something to be addressed. Nature, suggesting your intelligence is inherited from your parents and nurture, the belief that learning is affected by the home and the school environment.Relating the debate to the 1944 Act, brings to our attention the difference in education between social classes. The upper and middle class children would have definit ely had advantage over the working class children, in terms of cognitive development, as their parents would have been well educated and able to pass on far greater knowledge. They also would have had better living conditions and quieter homes to concentrate on homework. The working class tended to have many children, shared bedrooms would have been common, which was not the ideal learning environment.The philanthropic aspects of the act were very much linked to the Second World War. The generally poor fitness standards of the working class recruits highlighted to the government that changes needed to be made. Free milk in schools, regular free dental and health checks were therefore introduced. After the Second World War, Butler was faced with societal problems such as rebuilding bomb damaged cities on an epic scale and re-fashioning an educational system. Six years of fighting in the Second World War led to a common bond between people in all walks of life who shared the same valu es and goals to rebuild their country.Butler realised that there was a need for builders, carpenters and engineers to facilitate this. These skills were taught in the secondary modern schools, which 75% of students attended. When the 11 plus exam was introduced it created an element of elitism. Some pupil’s self-esteem would have been lowered due to achieving low grades, making them feel inferior intellectually and socially. Some pupils progress educationally at different rates and ages, this system did not take this into consideration. It was such criticisms that would eventually give rise to the comprehensive school.The comprehensive system was introduced by the labour party in 1965 to replace the tripartite system and is still used today. Rather than having three different schools; grammar, technical and secondary modern it combined all three. From a governmental prospective this proved much more economical. The system offers a wide range of subjects across the academic sp ectrum and the selection process is removed. It gives a greater number of children a better chance of social mobility, teaching children how to get along with one another regardless of class differences.Classes are streamed which means children can move between sets depending on academic ability and individual progress. The advantages are that children work alongside others of the same ability and that certain lessons can be taught in more depth. However streaming and setting does reinforce social division within a school, with an elitist grammar stream. Another disadvantage is that classes are large therefore students don’t always get the individual attention needed. In 1972 the minimum school leaving age was raised to 16. Students could sit GCE or CSE examinations depending on their abilities.In 1988 these examinations were fused together to form the GCSE (General Certificate of secondary education). Over the last 70 years there have been significant changes made to the edu cation system. Girls are now educated on par with boys. The 1948 welfare act, which introduced the NHS and benefits, instigated mass immigration which meant that British schools had to cater for ethnic minorities and different religious beliefs. The integration of different cultures meant that children began to have a better understanding of other countries ways of life but this did also lead to racial discrimination.The 1944 Education Act has narrowed the gap between the social classes. It was unheard of for working class people to attend university but today it is quite common place. However the increase in fees due next year is likely to reverse this trend. It is still the children from the higher social classes that have the advantage of being able to attend public and independent private schools. It is these selective and expensive establishments that give students a greater opportunity to attend the top universities. Bibliography Rogers, R (1986) Education and Social Class. Gr eat Britain: Taylor & Francis Ltd

Consumer demographics and psychographics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Consumer demographics and psychographics - Essay Example Mission Statement The underlying mission statement reads, â€Å"We enable consumers to improve the quality and convenience of their lives by providing high-quality, innovative fashion products.† Product Product from the new line is of top quality. The production concept and prototype have indicated that new denim trousers introduced by the company through its new product line possess distinctive design features which are appealing to the potential buyers. The design features give an impression which customers tend to associate with quality and artistic elegance. These quality attributes are in line with the company’s mission. Establishment of new line, which cause reduction in production costs and improves quality, saves the customers on prices thus bringing convenience in their lives. The artistic appearance and elegance of the new product coupled with the low cost production line is as a result of innovation by the company’s designers. This is consistent with p roduct quality, innovation and consumer convenience, which is explicitly emphasized within the company’s mission. Dibb and Simkin (2008), development of a line of new denim trousers which is anticipated to be successful, is a significant stride towards achievement to the mission. Consumer Product Classification According to the three-way Consumer Product Classification System, the company’s products can be classified as shopping products. According to Dibb and Simkin (2008), quality and design of the products gives a special psychological appeal; hence making them distinguished by the consumers from all the rest. The products have a great artistic design features and extensive testing has identified them as the most popular and comfortable pair of trousers in the industry. Target Market With the advancement in fashion dynamics, there is increased need for artistic designer clothing for casual and official occasions. From previous market survey, young generations, espec ially people aged between 21 and 35 years, feature as the main consumers of the company’s goods. Statistics indicate that the mentioned age group makes approximately 76% of the total consumers of brand denim products. It has been established through various demographic and economic studies that this age group comprises of low income earners. Sometimes, few people in this â€Å"techno generation† who are lucky enough to have high income usually have numerous expenditures. Most people in the generation like associating themselves with high social status despite of their strict spending principles. According to Dibb & Simkin (2008), cost reduction and quality assurance in the product targeting this group must be considered. Consumers are also sensitive to appearances and are commonly attracted to clothes which are elegant and artistic. It is therefore possible to drift them towards the new low cost products that the company is producing. Demographic studies have shown tha t the number of people joining this age group is increasing while those leaving it are substantially decreasing. This shows possibility of a widening market in future. Analysis of Competitive Market Environment Competitive Rivalry Fashion industry is well inhabited by manufacturing companies but few of the companies specialize in branded denim products. However, there are three established denim producers and two more others with considerably lower production capacity. Although some of these companies have managed to reduce prices of their products, it is yet to reach the extent to which the new product line of the company intends to achieve. This

Right to Die - Financial Objections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Right to Die - Financial Objections - Essay Example And each new day makes it less and less likely. Her eyes are closed, but its not just that. Her face seems dead. She just has the same look all the time, like she was when she first collapsed. Its sort of a smile, but I think its a grimace. But it never responds, never changes. Its like looking at a corpse thats just barely breathing. Then the money problems make it so much harder. I wouldnt want my Mom to die because its hard to pay for her, but it just is. Her money is starting to run out. The ventilator, the doctor visits, the nurse checkups... they cost, and insurance doesnt cover it all. Im working two jobs to cover it. One of my jobs has insurance, but one pays just about minimum wage. I work the graveyard shift. I cant even be there to hold her hand because it costs so much money. American Hospice Foundation. â€Å"Coma and Persistent Vegetative State: An Exploration of Terms†. Cheryl Arenella, MD/MPH. http://www.americanhospice.org/articles-mainmenu-8/caregiving- mainmenu-10/50-coma-and-persistent-vegetative-state-an-exploration-of-terms . Web. Accessed

The Trial of John Peter Zenger and Jury Nullification Essay

The Trial of John Peter Zenger and Jury Nullification - Essay Example This paper shall look into the Zenger trial and its legacy of jury nullification and freedom of speech and of the press. The Antecedent Facts Although the case banners Zenger’s name, he is in fact a mere collateral personality in this entire hullabaloo. His participation is actually limited to being the printer of The New York Weekly Journal, no more, no less. The case traces its history way back to the arrival of Governor William Cosby into the shores of America. When Cosby arrived in August 1731, New York was under the capable hands of Rip Van Dam as Acting Governor. Van Dam, a member of the Provincial Council of New York was appointed as acting governor while Cosby made the months-long journey from Britain to America. However, upon his arrival, Cosby demanded that Van Dam turn over half of the salary he had received as Acting Governor. When the latter declined, Cosby sued Van Dam in a court which he created solely for that purpose. (The Trial) To ensure a favorable decision , Cosby bypassed the jury from his case and instead appointed the Supreme Court of New York to hear and decide the collection suit at first instance. Van Dam challenged the legality and constitutionality of this act but he lost on a vote of two to one. Two Supreme Court justices voted in favor of the constitutionality of Cosby’s act while the lone dissenter was Justice Lewis Morris. Later, Cosby demanded Morris to explain why he voted against him. Morris filed his explanation via an open letter which was published by Zenger. As a result, Morris was fired and replaced by James Delancey. (The Trial) After he was fired, Morris founded the Popular Party together with Van Dam and lawyer James Alexander, under which Morris ran as candidate for Assemblyman. His victory was reported in great detail in the maiden issue of the New York Weekly Journal published on November 5, 1733 which was owned by the partnership of Zenger and Alexander. For months, The New York Weekly Journal publish ed attacks and criticisms against the unpopular incumbent governor. Alexander writes the articles and Zenger prints them. (The Trial) When these attacks came out, Cosby tried but failed to get an indictment from the Grand Jury on the ground that the author of the said attacks is unknown. In response, an outraged Cosby issued an order dated October 22, 1734 mandating that issue numbers 7, 47, 48 and 49 of The New York Weekly Journal â€Å"be burned by the hands of the common hangman or whipper†¦ as containing in them many things tending to sedition and faction, to bring His Majesty’s government into contempt.† (Order for the Public Burning of Zenger's Journals) At about the same time, Cosby also offered a reward of fifty pounds to whoever shall have information on the identity of the libelous publication’s authors. However, when there were no takers for his considerable offer, Attorney General Richard Bradley was ordered to file the information for seditious libel against Zenger, the only identifiable person behind the publications. After which, a bench warrant dated November 2, 1734 was issued for the arrest of Zenger. Among others, the warrant states that Zenger is facing charges for â€Å"printing and publishing several seditious libels dispersed throughout his journals or

Criticlly assess the basis of obedience by states in international Assignment

Criticlly assess the basis of obedience by states in international law. What factors do states take into account in compliance with international law rules - Assignment Example nal protocol faces the most potent challenge of embracing of the formulated laws and sustenance of the appropriate adherence across the member states (Alter, 19). While the membership of the international community has evolved in the recent past to be synonymous with the most acceptable yardstick for development, there are several considerations that make the expected transition the challenge it is today. The platform on which the international law is founded outlines the integrity of the leadership and governance of the international community and is built on commitment to comply with the binding regulations. Due to the unavailability of a political structure at such a level, only goodwill can be applied in the delivery of the commitment expected for compliance and adherence. In such an arrangement, it is evident that there are loopholes which expose the sovereignties of individual member states to the mercy of external forces. External interference is a contradiction to the existence of the member states as sovereign states, which is the predominant building block of the international community. In the protection of the integrity of the individual state and the international community, there is undoubted favor for the integrity of the member state sovereignty which is the basic unit of the international community. In light of conflicting interests and objectives as expected in such an arrangement, there are important considerations to be made by the leadership of the individual member states regarding becoming signatories of the effective protocols as well as the details of compliance. State behavior in embracing international law and handling international relations is important in determining the considerations that are likely to be highlighted by various leaderships before making commitment to such undertakings (Raustiala and Slaughter, 544). While politics therefore becomes central to the nature of state behavior detailing embracing international laws,

Risk and Threats of Cloud Computing Services Research Paper

Risk and Threats of Cloud Computing Services - Research Paper Example In spite  of the varied horizon  being  offered by the cloud computing services, most of the enterprises are skeptical about the safety of the cloud environment and are less willing to take the risks.  Ã‚  In order to maintain the  clientage  and market competitiveness, cloud service providers must learn from the managed service provider (MSP) model to  guarantee  secure services to their clients along with increasing  virtualization  service  efficiencies, (Foster, 1998). Further, the  companies  that are opting for cloud services are unaware of the unidentified risks existing  within  the cloud environment. The ability of the cloud computing model to offer its clients/users to utilize the service provider’s applications which run on a cloud model infrastructure and these applications can be accessed by a number of clients through a system interface, for example, a Web browser, web-based email system. The user is free of responsibilities such as to manage the infrastructure, web servers, operation management and applications, data storage server maintenance, and network application tasks. b.  Platform as a Service (PaaS):  The cloud computing  PaaS  model offers the user the facility to deploy itself on the computing infrastructure which is built according to the user related applications with the help of programming languages like Java, Net, etc.). As already stated before, the user does not have to manage the infrastructure of the cloud computing service, but the user has full

Pollution and Lake Erie Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pollution and Lake Erie - Term Paper Example With increase in population a lot of things changed for this lake. This increase gave rise to pollution in the form of human waste, sawdust, agriculture chaff, oil etc. The forests around this lake were cut down in order to get wood for construction purposes. Around 1960s the whole outlook of the lake changed due to this pollution caused mainly by industrial waste and untreated sewage. Rivers that flowed into this lake were also much polluted. This problem became so serious that warnings were given to the residents against the contact with the water. All of this made life in this water impossible; hence, this lake was declared ‘dead’. Lake Erie is considered dead, as a consequence of eutrophication (Gilpin 1995). Lake Erie is one of the lakes in the world which has a very large dead zone. The area which lacks oxygen is called a dead zone. According to scientific researches done by scientists dead zone works in two distinct layers. There are two separate layers of water i n the lake; one is on the top and the other at the bottom. Temperatures in these two layers are mostly different except in the springtime where the temperature in both layers is the same. In summers, the water in the upper layer warms up and the bottom layer remains the same. This results in a significantly colder layer of water at the bottom of the lake. This difference in temperature between two layers is called thermocline. All the activities in the water takes place in the upper layer as all the sunlight and nutrients are present here. When the algae and animals present in the upper body die, they fall at the bottom and decomposition takes place. The process of decomposition uses up all the oxygen in these areas, hence, giving rise to dead zones. This problem is really bad in Lake Erie because the water here is not very deep and there is less oxygen in it so the oxygen is depleted very quickly. Scientists are making efforts to reduce this problem of oxygen depletion in Lake Erie . There are a lot of nutrients present in this lake and the sources of these nutrients are divided into two categories. These categories are called point sources and non point sources. Point sources are the sources through which the nutrients that are released into the water can be measured like wastewater treatment plants. On the other hand non point sources are the ones which cannot be measured for example agricultural runoff and the amount of fertilizers cannot be calculated accurately. It is still not possible to completely evaluate whether the dead zone is expanding or is recovering. It varies from year to year, according to the temperature. The great lakes national program office of USEPA is playing a vital role in repairing the Lake Erie. Surveys are conducted annually by these people to check the level, degree and occurrence of oxygen depletion in the lake basin. They also track the trend in which this occurs. These also check the phosphorus level in the water so that it doe s not exceed its level. Phosphorus changes water chemistry and can lead to changes in water oxygen levels that eventually impact aquatic plants and animals that feed off them (Davies & Mazurek 1998). The information gathered cannot be same for every year as weather is variable that changes every year so the level of oxygen and phosphorus varies each year. To do all this data is collected and EPA research is used. Side by side biological and geological surveys are also taken into consideration.

Independent research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Independent research - Essay Example The credit cards involve much risk such as theft, fraud, misuse of personal information, etc. however these risks can be managed by paying just a little attention to once financial position and the purchasing power. The card holder must communicate his rights and obligations to the issuing authority which strengthens their relationship and reduces risks (Anderson & Schroder, 2010). Credit cards offered by the Banks Credit cards are offered by the Banks to their customers, through whom they can make payments for online products, in shops, products available with the telemarketers, for paying bills of hotels and resorts, for paying fare, etc. As indicated by name they are based upon the credit system, the user of the card would have to pay interest to the bank whenever he makes payments through the credit card. The issuer of the card is the Bank itself which allows the consumers a continuous balance of debt with the interest payments. The idea of a credit card was emerged somewhere in 1887. The concept of the modern credit card was based on the idea of merchant credit schemes which were used among the companies to make payments. Later the horizon of the card become wide and it became available to the local public. Initially these cards were made of celluloid plastic but these days mostly polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used. The credit card holder does not require having an account in the bank. Since the whole process revolves around the concept of credit therefore it is better to say that the card owner borrows some amount from the bank to make purchases which are later paid with an additional amount of interest. People often make purchases without considering their payback power that either they would be able to pay the credited amount to bank or not. Just in case if they are unable to pay their credits then they face the consequences of credit card debt. Whenever a purchase is made the card holder enters the personal identification number (PIN) on the basis of whi ch he will pay the Bank in future (Crouhy, Galai & Mark, 2010). Credit cards are often attached with lots of free goods and services that the consumers enjoy on their side whenever they make payments. These services are provided by the banks and different companies. For instance, if you use a credit card of the certain bank, then it will give you several transactional benefits and also easy payment methods. While on the other hand the companies give discounts or additional services to purchase their product. But to enjoy the extra services customers need to make purchases up to the required limit (Carrol, 2010). Now there are electronic devices available to check the balance and the purchasing power of the card holder instantly. The purchasing power of the card holder can also be analyzed by the security code printed on the card. This is usually done in online purchases or the one that are made over the telephone where the sales person verifies that either the customer is able to ma ke the payment or not. Every month the card holder receives a bill indicating all of his purchases and the final amount that he has to pay to the Bank. If the card holder is also having an account in the same bank then the unpaid balance is deducted from their otherwise he can choose to make the payment later with a late fee or additional interest amounts. Regulatory aspect of credit cards: In 2009, President Barrack Obama signed the credit card

GMO PROS AND CONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GMO PROS AND CONS - Essay Example Scientifically, the human body extracts chemicals from the foods; these chemicals are responsible for the immunity of the body. The fear demonstrated by scientists posits that GMO may alter chemical requirement of the body. I think the society should know when it is eating GMOs because there are alternatives foods, which people can use. In addition, pregnant women, cancer patients, and children should avoid the consumptions of GMO products. Ideally, the argument presented by the advertising companies to the society against consumption of GMO does not give detailed information about the effects that the society is likely to encounter. I think the government should devise legislations, which influence the consumption of GMO especially among child. I do not accept the notion that GMO rice can help boost vitamin A among children. The unpredictable effects of GMO subjects the society to rejects it consumption. In conclusion, GMO have unpredictable effects to innocent consumers. While present legislation do not provide restrict against the consumption of GMO, there is need for

Bohol, in the Eyes of a First-Time Beholder Essay Example for Free

Bohol, in the Eyes of a First-Time Beholder Essay Perched on a very young palm tree, the tarsier fidgeted as I aimed my camera on its direction. It was only a few centimeters away, so easy to touch and yet I reminded myself to avoid the temptation. I read in an article how traumatizing it can be for these velvety creatures to be held, that they would hurt themselves to death after being â€Å"violated† by curious tourists who are never content with taking pictures. So imagine my surprise when it landed very near me to catch the cricket hiding behind the leaves. Without even thinking, I brushed my fingers on its brown fur in what seemed to be a second or two; it didn’t flinch, but the click of the camera (there was no flash since it was daytime) alerted it, and it darted back to its highest hiding place in the palm tree. Like that unlikely encounter with the tarsier, my trip to Bohol was something worthy to remember. Thanks to the invitation of a friend, poet and journalist Michael Ortega Ligalig, my memory of Bohol was not limited to beaches, Chocolate Hills, and yes, tarsiers. But there is no denying that Bohol is teeming with natural and man-made assets. If you are artsy and into culture, Bohol can offer you a lot with its cultural and historical riches. If you are into nature and adventure, there are surprises that the island can offer. Churches and Heritage Houses For somebody like me who is fascinated with old things and history, Bohol is like a gold mine with its old churches and heritage houses. Almost all of the 47 towns have old, massive, stone churches that have survived natural ravages, wars and even climate change. I asked to be brought to some of the most fascinating ones, like the Baclayon and Loboc churches. The Church of the Immaculate Conception or the Baclayon Church is one of the country’s oldest churches. First built in 1595, the Jesuit frailes built the Neoclassic structure piece by piece using adobe and coral that were joined together by adhesive made from egg whites (imagine all the chicken eggs used to build such a magnificent structure!). From the front door, one could see the marble tombstones that were embedded on the walls and pylons, the names of the dead intricately written in Spanish. The retablo or the church altar was also an imposing piece of art, though we were unable to see the church’s pipe organ. It also has a museum similar to that of San Agustin in Intramuros. The fee is not very expensive, but cameras are not allowed. Still, one can take pictures of the saints on the ground floor joining the museum and the church, where they kept a coterie of human-size religious images or statues. St. Peter Parish Church or Loboc Church is the second oldest church in Bohol. Originally built in 1602, a stronger one was built in 1638. Located near the famous Loboc River cruise, it has survived a number of floods. Inside the church, murals depicting religious events can be found on the dome right on top of the main altar. A Spanish coat-of-arms can be found near the entrance of the convent which today houses the Museo de Loboc. This museum houses a few religious images and artifacts, like registry books from the 1800s and choir books. There is also a magnificent bell tower adjacent the church. One can also find a bridge that was never completed; it would have joined the two parts of the town separated by the river, but it would mean demolishing part of the church. It is also the home of the famous Loboc Children’s Choir. There are also plenty of heritage houses all over Bohol, particularly in Baclayon and Dauis. Owned mostly by merchant families and old political clans, its interiors are characterized by wide and thick wooden floor planks and wide stairways with wooden balusters. The interiors often feature wooden sala and table sets, cabinets and dressers and rocking chairs, while the walls often hold portraits of its departed residents. Some of the houses include the ancestral houses of the Clarin, Villamor, Malon, Luza, Sofia and Abueva, and some of them actually accommodate tourists for a bed-and-breakfast experience. Beaches and Diving Bohol is getting its fair share of tourism fame with its pristine white sand beaches, the most famous of which is Panglao Island and Dauis, although there are plenty of other beaches minus the flock of tourists and expensive. The most famous is Alona Beach, an 800-meter stretch of white powdery sand located south of Panglao Island. Many full-service beach and dive resorts reside there. The sea around Pamilacan Island is frequented by whales and dolphins, as it is also a favored breeding and feeding site of tuna, snappers, groupers, mackerel and surgeonfish, making it a perfect spot for those who want to see the teeming natural fish population at work. There are a number of diving spots that offer priceless views of the sea beneath. Balicasag is known for its rare, beautiful seashells and its beds of corals are considered one of the best dive spots in the country. On the other hand, Danajon Bank is the only double barrier reef in the Philippines and is one of only three such sites in the Asia-Pacific region, spread across almost 130 kilometers of seabed and consist of three large reefs. Flora and Fauna Because of its geographical features, Bohol’s endemic flora and fauna makes it a hot spot for nature lovers. The Philippine Tarsier Sanctuary in Corella town is a 134-hectare land that has been set aside as a protected area for its most celebrated creature considered the world’s smallest primate. However, there are many mini-â€Å"tarsier zoos† that are maintained by resorts. These resorts or mini-zoos often put these tarsiers in small cages and crowded, considering the wild nature of these animals. While my friend assured me that these resorts have â€Å"adoption certificates† from the local environmental offices, I still find it disturbing to find these magnificent creatures caged like birds. In the town of Albuquerque, there is a mini-zoo that claims to hold the biggest python in captivity ever known. Its name is Prony, approximately almost 30 feet and an estimated weight of about 300 kilograms. They also have a variety of birds species like parakeets, pigeons and other avians. However, a star attraction would be the entertainer which we humorously call â€Å"Kakambal ni Prony.† Clad in shiny gaudy costumes, she would dance near the snake’s spectators. We were also fortunate to visit the Mahogany Man-Made Forest in the town of Bilar, a two-kilometer stretch of densely planted mahogany trees located in the border of Loboc and Bilar. River Cruises The ultimate part of our trip would be the scenic Loboc River Cruise. We took the nighttime cruise as my friend advised because of the lamps that would light up as our boat would pass by. The boat fee includes a buffet meal that included seafood, meat and desserts. As the boat commenced its trip, a man with his electric guitar started to sing, his repertoire including American hits from the seventies. My companions and I found the lineup rather distracting as he started with Don McLean’s Vincent then to assorted songs from Bread and Air Supply. However, as the colored lamp posts began glowing from the sides, we were already transfixed and astonished. We briefly stopped on a floating raft that has a big group of singers belting their original songs. We all got off and started clapping. I interviewed some of the children and the adults who actually make a living from the song and dance number, and it ended with them selling their very own musical CD to the tourists. The visit to Bohol was short and partly fulfilling. I am decided to pursue this island more and look forward to seeing more of its assets very, very soon.

NHS and Community Care Act | Critiques

NHS and Community Care Act | Critiques Community Care is really care by families which is really care by women; and it always will be! Discuss Introduction When Margaret Thatcher came to power in the late 1970s one of her Government’s primary aims was to roll back the welfare state and cut spending on services. They argued that state services, and the health service in particular, were inefficient and costly. They further maintained that the introduction of market principles into welfare provision would increase efficiency, provide better services, and reduce costs. The Conservatives were anti-institutionalisation and began closing geriatric wards and psychiatric hospitals. The 1982 Government White Paper Growing Older emphasised the role of the family and that the role of Government was to enable, rather than replace that care. There was an implicit assumption here that much of this care would be provided by women. Twigg (1993) maintains that the 1988 Griffith Report which advised on more effective use of Government funds for community care also recognised that public services would only have a role where community and family su pport had broken down. Large numbers of the elderly and the disabled have always been cared for in the community, the state took over where this became a burden and the Tories were keen to discourage too much state provision. In 1990 the NHS and Community Care Act was introduced where the state was no longer the sole provider of care. Community care is the term used for both social and health care. Voluntary and Charitable organisations would also play a part and care packages would be organised by local authorities. This might include provision of services in a person’s home, residential care, respite care, day care and family placements, sheltered housing and group homes and hostels. This Act placed a much greater burden of care on those professions associated with healthcare e.g. social work, and at the same time resulted in further inequalities as care provision differed depending on what region of the country a person was in. It was argued that this kind of care would al low individuals to live with dignity and independence in their own communities. This paper therefore, aims to assess the statement that Community Care is really care by families which is really care by women and it always will be. Under the terms of the 1990 Act, responsibility for care in the community became the responsibility of local authority social services. Each authority has a duty to publish its care plans and has a duty to assess all those people who might need care. It is the authority’s responsibility to provide care and to promote the work of voluntary and charitable organisations by purchasing care from them. Local authorities are also bound to establish a complaints procedure and have the responsibility of checking out care packages.[1] There have been a number of problems with the terms of the Act. Since 1993 the number of old people need support has continued to grow while NHS short and long term care has continued to shrink (Filinson, 1997). At the same time it is actually cheaper for social services departments to keep a person in residential care than to support them in their own home. New policies such as the Carers Representations and Services Act 1995 and the introduction of Direc t payments which were intended to empower users and give them greater choice have been implemented without all the additional resources. Thus demands for service have increased while budgets have remained much the same. While there has been a lot of rhetoric about the needs of pensioners the focus has, necessarily been on the user, and carers needs are largely ignored. Unell (1996) points out that changes in community care: †¦simultaneously raised the profile of carers and made their needs more difficult to meet in the short term (Unell, 1996:9). Community Care and Familial Obligation Since the 1970s there has been an increasing emphasis on care in the community and care within the family. This does not always work well and the greatest burden usually falls on those families with the least resources. Familial obligation is defined in law. In the UK it usually refers to the nuclear family of husband and wife, parents and children and benefits and taxes almost always recognise these relationships (Millar and Warman, 1996). The provision of services are intended to support, rather than take the place of the care and support that is expected of the family. Although Britain and most other European countries give some recognition to gender equality much policy making stems from post-war understandings within the welfare state, of the male breadwinner and the female housewife/carer. Community care and familial obligation are based on these hidden gendered assumptions. In Britain these obligations only extend downwards i.e. parental obligation to their children. In some c ountries adult children have familial obligation to their parents but this is not the case in the UK (Millar and Warman, 1996). In spite of this the decreasing number of acute hospital beds means that there are more older people with chronic conditions in the community. They receive care from the local authority in their own homes but in many instances they rely heavily on informal carers, usually members of the family. Informal care involves a number of different activities and relationships and has been explained in the following way. Informal care: †¦normally takes place in the context of family or marital relationships and is provided on an unpaid basis that draws on feelings of love, obligation and duty (Twigg, 1993:2). Thus, this kind of care normally occurs within the family and Kirk (1998) states that data from the General Household Survey tends to suggest that the bulk of this kind of care is undertaken by women. Phillips and Bernard (1995) maintain that the kind of caring that many women give are the difficult tasks of physical and personal care. These carers may also have contact with a range of other community services and district nurses who might be involved in the caring process. The meaning of community care changes over time and during the 1970s and 1980s policy in this area brought changes to services for people with disabilities, people with learning disabilities, and people suffering from the frailties of old age (Kirk, 1998). Cost concerns meant that many institutions were closed and care was focussed on the community. Lewis and Glennerster (1996) maintain that during the 1990a community care was a policy shift to aid spending cuts. There was a change from residential care for older people to care in the community. How successful the shift from residential care to care at home has been is, Wistoe (1995) maintains still unclear. In the 1990s health policies in the UK have focussed on primary care, this has come about because of cost concerns, demographic shifts and changing patterns of illness. Many services that were provided in hospitals are now operating in the primary sector. This has resulted in complex nursing care being undertaken in a domicilary context. Which shifts the burden of care to informal carers, usually female family members with the help of district nurses. In some cases informal carers and the person themselves undertake some tasks such as intravenous injections (Conway, 1996). Costain and Warner (1992) maintain that if this continues then more dependent people with complex, intensive needs will be cared for at home thus increasing the burden on the family and on community care services. Manthorpe (1994) points out that informal carers are gi ven little choice over their caring role and there is little respite as they are not often presented with an acceptable alternative. There has been little research into how this kind of caregiving affects family members although feminists (Abbott and Wallace, 1997) have expressed concern over the hidden assumptions underlying the concept of community care. The Feminist Critique of Community Care Feminists have focused on the informal caring that women do and which is often ignored by the professionals. Caring for an ageing or disabled relative for twenty four hours a day is bound to have an effect on women and yet there is little available help for respite.. Furthermore, the Community Care Act of 1990 has imposed further responsibilities on women in the role of informal carers (Abbott and Wallace, 1997). Based on the gender roles that existed in the welfare state, the discourses of health take it for granted that when members of their family are sick a woman will care for them. It assumes that women will put the needs of their children before their own. Health care is defined as care that is given by doctors, nurses, and other health professionals and the caring that women do in the home is recognised only as a part of the role that a woman plays in the home. Not only is her caring role invisible but the impact of shouldering the burden of caring is also ignored (Graham, 199 3). The Office for National Statistics reports that in 1995 there were three times the number of female informal carers to male carers. Watson et al (1999) maintain women, who are the primary care givers in the family actually negate the view that the responsibility of care should primarily be in institutional structures. This is because as wives and mothers, even if they are employed full time, they still give care to other family members. Walby (1990) contends that women have been oppressed because of their biology and this is evident in the healthcare system. However, patriarchal control of women operates through an inter-related set of structures and practices through which women are oppressed by men, the state is patriarchal in its policies and practices and its interests are biased towards men. Thus it is not surprising that implicit in discourses of care in the community is the view that women will shoulder the burden of care. Abbott and Wallace state that: While it is rarely given official recognition, and the tendency is to see paid health workers as the primary providers of health care, women provide most health care, within the confines of the family (Abbott and Wallace, 1997:170). Conclusion Care in the community is care in the home and feminists are right to suggest that this largely means care by women. The gendered nature of care giving needs to be re-examined if policy continues to shift the greater burden of care to the community. While there are such things as carer’s allowances these are very low and means tested, therefore many people do not claim them. There seems to be a stigma attached to the idea that people should claim allowances for long term care within the family. Perhaps a better option, once a person was assessed as needing long term community care would be an automatic payment for informal carers. It might also be useful if Government debate on care in the community lauded the work undertaken by informal carers and promoted a positive image of care within the family. Those families where men are the informal carers could, perhaps, be promoted as positive models for other men to follow. This might not only bring a shift in the implicit assumptio n that women will do the caring, but might give a broader and less stigmatised view of caring within the family. Assessment packages for long term informal carers should have regular respite care built into them so that carers get a regular break. Free community nursing care and domicilary care should be provided so that informal carers can go on holiday without having to worry about what was happening at home. Government may be keen to establish policies that shift even more care into the community but should also recognise that truly cost effective care takes account of all eventualities. At present it seems as though the notion that problems may arise in informal care settings is ignored, so that when these problems do occur it actually costs more to rectify than if an allowance for such eventualities was made in the first place. Too much strain is placed on many women because of the expectation that they will be informal carers, community care, it would seem needs much more care ful planning than is presently the case. References Abbott and Wallace, 1997 An Introduction to Sociology: Feminist Perspectives. London, Routledge Conway A.1996 Home intravenous therapy for bronchiectasis patients. Nursing Times 92(45), 34 35 Costain D. Warner M.1992From Hospital to Home Care: The Potential for Acute Service Provision in the Home. Kings Fund Centre, London Filinson, R. (1997) ‘Legislating community care: the British experience, with U.S. comparisons’, The Gerontologist, 37,3: 333-140. Giddens, 2001. 4th ed. Sociology. Cambridge, Polity Press Graham, H. 1993 Hardship and Health in Women’s Lives Hemel Hempstead, Harvester Griffiths, R. (1988) Community Care: An Agenda for Action. A Report to the Secretary of State for Social Services, London: HMSO. Kirk, S. 1998 â€Å"Trends in community care and patient participation: Implications for the roles of informal carers and community nurses in the United Kingdom† Journal of Advanced Nursing Vol 28 August 1998 Issue 2 p.370 Lewis J. Glennerster H.1996Implementing the New Community Care. Open University Press, Milton Keynes. Manthorpe J.1994 The family and informal care. In Implementing Community Care (Malin N. ed.), Open University Press, Milton Keynes Millar, J. and Warman A. 1996 Family Obligations in Europe Family Policies Centre in association with Joseph Rowntree Foundation Moore, S. Scourfield, P. Sinclair, S. Burch, S. and Wendon, B. 3rd ed. 2002 Social Welfare Alive Cheltenham, Nelson Thornes. Phillips J. Bernard M.1995 Perspectives on caring. In Working Carers (Phillips J. ed.), Avebury, Aldershot. Twigg, J. (1993) ‘Integrating carers in to the service system: six strategic responses’, Ageing and Society, 13: 141-170. Unell, J. (1996) The Carers Impact Experiment, London: King’s Fund Publishing. . Walby,S. 1990. Theorising Patriarchy. Blackwell, Oxford. Walsh, I ed. 2000 Sociology: Making Sense of Society. Edinburgh, Prentice Hall. 1 [1] http://www.infosci.org/MS-UK-MSSoc/pubcca.html

Effect of Odour and Lighting Intensity on Memory Recall

Effect of Odour and Lighting Intensity on Memory Recall Galindez, Dale Gilbert Varela, Sebastian Franco Yarte, Sonja Lynn Zaidem, Arwin Alexis The Effect of Intensity of Odor and Lighting of Environment to Memory Recall The principle of encoding specificity has been a key factor for memory recall. It has been found that a person has a higher chance of retrieving an information if they are in the same place where they have encoded the information (Tulving and Thomson, 1973). However, even if a person is in the exact place where he encoded the information, there are factors that should be considered to make the principle of encoding specificity stronger. A key factor would be attention. Attention usually refers to concentration on a particular aspect of the external environment, although it is possible to attend to one’s own thoughts and other internal states. The essence of the typical use of the term is captured in a statement by 19th century German physiologist Hermann von Helmholtz, who noted that an observer who is steadily gazing at a fixation mark can, at the same time, concentrate attention on any given part of the visual field. The point in space, to which one is directing one’s eyes and the point to which one is attending to, thus are not necessarily the same, and one does not have to move the eyes to shift visual attention (Chastain, 2014). Another would be state-dependent memory. A person is more likely to retrieve an information if he is back in the original state when he first encoded the information. An example would be if a person consumed a substantial amount of alcohol when they learned a certain information. There is a higher probability for the person to remember the same information if he is to consume the same substantial amount of alcohol compared to trying to remember the information without consuming alcohol at all. If those two factors are important in memory recall, then the reduction or removal of either factors will make encoding specificity significantly weaker. In that case, we, the researchers, plan on testing whether intensity of odor and lighting of the environment will have a significant effect to memory recall. Because of these two factors that affect memory recall, we have formulated questions which we intend to study about. We question if the intensity of odor alone will have a significant effect to memory recall. We also question if the lighting of an environment alone will have a significant effect to memory recall. Finally, we also question if both the intensity of odor and lighting of the environment will have a significant effect to memory recall We have formulated three hypotheses that will answer our research questions. We believe that the intensity of odor will have a significant effect to memory recall. We also believe that the lighting of the environment will have a significant effect to memory recall. Lastly, we believe that the intensity of odor and lighting of the environment will have a significant effect to memory recall. Literature Review After the study has been done by Tulving and Thomson in 1973, many people questioned that the validity of the study seemed more correlational than causational. Because of these uncertainties, many studies were done after the original study. Pointer and Bond (1998) used the same principle but it was focused on the context-dependent memory. The study was done by having the participants remember a passage which was previously chunked for 21 times. The paper in which the passage was printed was scented with peppermint, and was colored bright yellow. Then, the researchers measured how many chunks the participants were able to remember after they were made to answer a word search puzzle. A half or a full point was given to the participants for every right chunk they gave. It was found out that context-dependent memory is present in the olfactory cue, but not in the visual cue. Another study based from the original study was â€Å"Encoding Specificity Manipulations do Affect Retrieval from Memory† (Zeelenberg, 2005). The study describes two kinds of errors people may make with regards to memory. One is errors of omission wherein people fail to retrieve information in their memory and the other one is errors of commission wherein people retrieve information that did not actually happen. This study focuses and questions the idea of how people report what they have retrieved. The study mainly points out that what the participants have retrieved, whether right or wrong, is not necessarily what they report. Participants in an encoding specificity experiment may actually have retrieved the right words but due to their lack of confidence and in an attempt to reduce the number of mistakes they might commit, they do not report what they have retrieved. Due to the experimenters’ awareness that errors like this may affect their results, the method they used were the presentation of a target word, which the participants should retrieve. However, this target word had two cue words, which were presented to the participants, were something that they could use as retrieval cues. Another study, Age differences in encoding specificity (Puglisi JT et al, 1988) focuses on how the encoding specificity ability of people are affected by age. In their experiment, participants were divided into 2 groups; the first were a group of young adults who had an average age of 19.2, and the second group were old adults with an average age of 71.4. The study task presented had targets and retrieval cues that had either a strong or a weak semantic relationship. Additionally, cues presented at recall were either the same as or different from those presented at encoding, resulting in four encoding cues—retrieval cue combinations: (a) strong encoding cue and (same) strong retrieval cue; (b) weak encoding cue and (same) weak retrieval cue; (c) weak encoding cue and (different) strong retrieval cue; (d) strong encoding cue and (different) weak retrieval cue. (Puglisi JT et al, 1988). Participants were able to recall the target words better when cues at encoding were the same when it was presented to them at retrieval, as compared to participants whose cues in encoding were different in retrieval. They found out however, that when old adults were under divided attention when received verbal cues, there was more evidence of general encoding rather than encoding specificity. Moss’ study, â€Å"Modulation of cognitive performance and mood by aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylang† focuses on how the aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylang oils help in the cognitive performance of people. Their cognitive performances were measured using the Cognitive Drug Research Computerized Assessment System. One group of participants were exposed to the aromas of peppermint and another one was exposed to the aroma of ylang-ylang. There was also a control group, in which there was no exposure to any kind of aroma. The results showed that the group that was exposed to the ylang-ylang had better cognitive performance than the control group while the group that was exposed to the peppermint scent did not have a significant difference to the cognitive performance of those in the control group. References Chastain, G. (2014). Attention. Salem Press Encyclopedia Of Health, Miles, C., Jenkins, R. (2000). Recency and suffix effects with immediate recall of olfactory stimuli. Memory, 8(3), 195-205. doi:10.1080/096582100387605 Moss, M., Hewitt, S., Moss, L., Wesnes, K. (2008). Modulation of cognitive performance and mood by aromas of peppermint and ylang-ylang. The International Journal Of Neuroscience, 118(1), 59-77. Puglisi, J., Park, D., Smith, A., Dudley, W. (1988). Age Differences in Encoding Specificity.Journal of Gerontology, P145-P150. Pointer, S. C., Bond, N. W. (1998). Context-dependent memory: colour versus odour.Chemical Senses, 23(3), 359-362. Tulving, E., Thomson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specificity and retrieval processes inepisodic memory. Psychological Review, 80(5), 352-373. doi:10.1037/h0020071 Zeelenberg, R. (2004). Encoding specificity manipulations do affect retrieval frommemory. Acta Psychologica, 107-121.

Intelligence Used for Academic Success :: essays research papers

Is it possible for students to be successful without being aware of their strengths and weaknesses? Do students know how important is to recognize their own abilities? Do they know how to use their intelligences in order to improve understanding of a material that they have to study? Achieving academic goals is impossible without recognizing those strengths. As for me, the three strongest abilities that I possess are spatial, interpersonal and linguistic intelligence, and using them helps me to survive in academic jungle. Spatial is one of the intelligences that help me be a better learner. Since I’ m a visual type, it is helpful for me to drew pictures in order to visualize the material that I’ m reading about. Also, while I study, I like to highlight important sentences. When I try to recall the lesson that I read, I know exactly where positions of those highlighted sentences in the book are. Next, spatial intelligence helps me to be successful in arranging my papers and books. Without having that ability my folders would easily turn into a big mess. To illustrate, one of my classmates called me yesterday, asking me for information about some topic that we discussed last semester. At that moment, I knew exactly in which folder I have that information. Another intelligence that I possess is interpersonal, which is very important in relations with others, especially during school time. As for me, it’s easy to make new friendships, and get in touch with people. I have changed a lot of schools so far, and if I hadn’t been able to adapt, I would have given up. When I’ m in the classroom, surrounded with people that I don’t know well, I’ m always ready to participate in discussion. Besides, I have a lot of friends. Since I’ m a good listener, they always come to me with their personal problems. For instance, once when my friend was put on probation for financial aid because she didn’t have good grades, she called me and asked for a help. Even though I couldn’t help her materially, she said that just talking to me made her feel better. Afterward, I convinced her to call her parents and explain them her situation. Finally, linguistic intelligence is my strongest. This intelligence is very important for students who live and study in foreign countries. My ability to communicate through languages makes my college life easier, and helps me be a better student.

A Character Analysis of Macbeth in Shakespeares Macbeth :: Free Macbeth Essays

A Character Analysis of Macbeth in Shakespeare's Macbeth By the end of Act V scene v it is clear that Macbeth is not going to rule his kingdom much longer. He is to be killed by a "man none of woman born" (IV,i,80) who we find out latter in the play is Macduff. Before Macbeth is to be killed we find out that he is a great warrior, a sane man, and a superstitious man. In Act I scene ii we find out that Macbeth is a great warrior. We start the scene off from a sergeants account of the fighting against the enemy's of the king and Macbeth. For brave Macbeth-well he deserves that name,-disdaining fortune, with his brandish'd steel, which smok'd with bloody execution. (I,ii,16-18) From this we can tell that Macbeth fought bravely and through unbeatable odds against Macdonwald's army. It also tells us that Macbeth can handle a sword like it was an extension of his own body. The sergeant also tells us: As cannons overcharg'd with double cracks; So they doubly redoubled strokes upon the foe: (I,ii,37-39) From this we can tell that he was a relentless and courageous fighter and would not stop until he had won. He is such a fearless fighter that the day would be remembered for centuries to come the sergeant says: "Or memorize another Golgotha," this tells us that Macbeth would have gone down in the books as Scotland's heroic warrior. Macbeth had two glorious battles both of which he had won. from these battles and the sergeants words we can truly say that Macbeth was a great warrior. Macbeth is also to be portrayed as an insane man, but I think that this is not to be true. An insane man is supposed to be delirious, make no sense what-so-ever, and to enjoy the killing and deaths of others. On the contrary Macbeth is none of these, he in my opinion is a very sane man. Macbeth says to lady Macbeth that "we will proceed no further in this business" (I,vii,31) in this scene Macbeth is showing hesitation in killing Ducan, which tells us that Macbeth like any other normal man does not like killing. In Act II scene I Macbeth has his first major Soliloquy where he seems to be delirious by seeing a dagger floating around him "A dagger of the mind, a false creation" (II,i,38). I think that this in fact is just his imagination telling him that it is a mistake to kill Ducan. Macbeth has a very stressful decision on his mind whether to compel to the

Consumer Culture and Identity Essay -- Cultural Identity Essays

Introduction Fonseca (2008) defines Consumer culture as a process that â€Å"represents a condition in which consumption is seen as having the role of increasingly mediating certain aspects of social relations and consumption has the symbolic ability to represent affiliation to a certain group and its lifestyles, as well as to generate a sense of identity.† The mention of identity in Fonseca’s definition brings about an understanding of the impact consumer culture can have on social agents, and not just on the economic or capitalism that comes with consumption. This essay will discuss the relationship between Consumer culture and Identity. The essay is divided into five parts; the first section is an introduction into what Consumer culture is, the second section is also an introduction into what Identity is and how it is used in the context of the essay, the third section deals with the crisis of identity in modern day, the fourth section introduces consumption in a contemporary society, the fifth section explains the impact consumption have on identity (how we reflect on ourselves and use goods to shape our identity). This essay concludes by using Giddens (1991) argument about the modern dynamic reflectivity has an impact in the process of reconstructing ones identity when it comes in contact with the post traditional setting, to show that the relation between consumer culture and identity is that Identity is formed as consumption takes place. Introduction to Consumer Culture The word â€Å"culture† has been defined as â€Å"one of the two or three most complicated words in English Language† (William; 1958). Over the years the meaning of the word has changed and varied in different parts of the world. In 1881, Taylor defined culture a... ...society: Myths and structures (Vol. 53). Sage. Beck, U., & Beck-Gernsheim, E. (1995). The normal chaos of love. Cambridge: Polity Press. Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic interactionism. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall Davis, J. (2007). The Promise of Potential. Minnesota: JD Coaching and Consulting. Dittmar, H. 1992. The Social Psychology of Material Possessions: To Have Is To Be, Hertfordshire, Harvester Wheatsheaf. Giddens, A. (1991). Modernity and self-identity: self and identity in the late modern age. Cambridge: Polity. Lury, C. 1996. Consumer Culture, Cambridge, Polity Press. Sassatelli, R. (2007). Consumer culture: History, theory and politics. Sage. Slater, D. (1997). Consumer culture and modernity. Blackwell Publishing: Malden Stryker, S. (1980). Symbolic interactionism: A social structural version. Menlo Park: Benjamin Cummings.

Children’s Television Essay

Over the past three months I have been studying children’s television programmes to find out about what influences they have over children’s behaviour, the types of shows that are on offer and why children opt to watch them. I picked three key questions based on what I thought would get the best reactions and results and the most frequently asked problems such as the amount of violence children see on TV. I used various different methods of searching for information which included surfing the Internet, emailing relevant people, setting up focus groups and interviewing people who have an appropriate opinion on this subject, e. g. parents. I broke my research up into three categories, primary, secondary and tertiary this allowed me to organise myself and also to get opinions as well as facts. My primary research consisted of interviewing people such as parents to find out their opinions on certain aspects of this subject. I have planned to interview a media teacher who is also a parent because she will have factual information and first hand experience. My second interviewee will be a single father of four young children, each child is in one of my aimed target groups so this will help when finding out why his children chose to watch what they do and why they enjoy it. I will also visit schools to interview children, first hand about their opinions on certain programmes and find out why they watch them. This will be very helpful when answering my second key question. To gather more information I will be conducting a set of focus groups, each will consists of five to six people who I will be directing questions at for them to discuss among themselves. I will be recording the discussion so I can referee to it later on, this will allow me to use quotes and pick out relevant information. I have produced a questionnaire that consists of 15 questions that I will be handing out to members of each of my focus groups. This is also part of my primary research and allows me to refer back and can be used as evidence when trying to make a point for one of my key questions. The only piece of primary research I have conducted thus far is to try and contact some of the industries producers and writers to find out some factual information about different shows. Whilst searching the Internet I located the BBC website, www. BBC. co. uk this was a big help as I found a link to the teletubbies website which then led me to find one of the writers email addresses. I emailed Will Brenton with an explanation of what I hoped to achieve from his knowledge and set him a few simple questions, I have yet to receive a reply but do frequently check my email. I am also hoping to get in contact with a producer or director for the BBC to find out about scheduling, I have yet to find the relevant address. My secondary research consisted mostly of searching through countless amounts of websites to try and pick out related information, I found this extremely frustrating as I had to search for hours at a time to find anything that would help me. I made a list of which websites were useful and visited them regularly for updates; www. turnoffyourtv. com, www. limittv. org and www. familyresources. com/parenting. Once I had collected enough information I began sifting through it and highlighting the most interesting parts. Whilst looking on the Internet I managed to determine what shows were on offer and which were the most popular, from this I chose three main programmes to focus on, all of which were aimed at different ages but for both sexes. Another reason why I chose them was because they had received the best ratings over any other TV show for the same age group and were also on the same channel, this made it easier to access information.

Boldwood’s Christmas party Essay

Bathsheba Everdene is the main character in a Thomas Hardy sassy called Far From the Madding Crowd. Which is set in Wessex. Bathshebas character is along with numerous other things decisive, brisk, vain, businesslike, and indep wind upent. However you see her educate throughout the book, mainly as a result of her wedlock to bounder Troy. At the beginning of the story Hardy seems to focussing on her bad qualities, though you remedy see passel wishing to be married to her. Some good qualities ar sh sustain as well like her attentive response to save Gabriels life. Her head start fault is vanity.This trait is workforcetioned in chapter one, just some everything else follows on from this. Vanity affects the expressive style she be needs in a powerful way. Her vanity makes her squiffy and angry at non attracting Boldwoods attention. When she meets plain-spoken Troy he plays up to her vanity by paying her paying attention and showing her flirtatious affection. By the end of the story she shows that she has gr possess out of or overcome her vanity. Instead of wanting to root out and have everyone looking at her, at Boldwoods Christmas party, she dresses d consume and wants to mix in into the background.You can as well see she is non vain because when Boldwood praises her beauty the comments have no effect. Her life experiences have caused this change in her. The main life experience is her marriage to Frank Troy which affected her the most. She transforms from a confident character to a pliant and introverted figure she becomes little and less like her usual self. The first indicate you see of independency is fairly adjacent the beginning in chapter three, when we see her horseback riding the horse.Instead of doing it the conventional ladylike way we see her lie flat on her back on top of the horses back. This could be showing her license and unconventional behaviour, this would tie in with an mugwump spirit too wild. She likes to have i ndependence so ulterior on in the story when this is taken outdoor(a) from her we see her rely on Gabriel oak tree. She incessantly had her own independence, but when she got married she wooly that independence and we see her seek advice and athletic supporter from Gabriel Oak.At one point in the story she rejects Gabriels advice, but later(prenominal) on in chapter fifty quadruplet she asks for it. This shows a coarse change in her mortalality. She once would have done her own thing and maybe plane take Gabriel for his advice whereas she now values both him and his opinion. Her independence continues to be shown throughout the rest if the story, veritable(a) afterward her marriage to Frank Troy. liberty along with confidence is showed when she goes to the corn foodstuff and is the precisely charwoman there. Another feature film shown is confidence with businesslike skills.An sheath of this would be when she takes it upon herself to sack her bailiff. I have form a resolution to have no bailiff at all. Bathshebas confidence continues to be shown with her decision to pay the workers herself in chapter ten. Bathsheba has a lot of confidence in herself. In short I shall stick you all. This is said shortly after her decision to have no bailiff when she is persuade the staff that she can manage. The speech shows her assurance shining and her belief in her own powerfulness.Towards the end of the novel we see her invite an even balance between the cocksureness which she showed through the beginning of the novel which make her appear full of herself, compared with when she had little or no confidence and relied on Frank Troy, to finally become a person who can cope on her own but realises she cannot do everything to the best of her ability without assistance. Before we see her lose her self confidence she shows she believes in herself by red to the Corn Market, making her the only woman present.One thing bothers Bathsheba the fact that Boldwo od is the only person who does not take scar of her. This lack of attention shows us how she craves to be the centre of attention you could even go as far as dealicraft her an attention seeker. She will do loco antics in an attempt to attract peoples attention. For example the Valentines sidereal day card. Bathsheba tries to make herself popular with everyone especially men this seems to be her biggest desire. In chapter thirteen she seriously sends a Valentine card to Boldwood to attract his attention. This starts Bathshebas change.She wants people to notice her and does not induct around waiting she takes action for herself. The move of the Valentines card shows her vain characteristic. A big characteristic she shows throughout is impulsiveness, she does things without figureing. The Valentines day card is an example of this another example of this earlier in the book is when she chases Gabriel Oak after he had been wrongly conscious that many men wanted her hand in marri age though she did not want to accept his proposal. She did not think that her actions would show this until after the conversation her and Gabriel had. some of her actions are on impulse she doesnt think things through first. Later on however she takes time to think about Fannys grave and she decides to light-headed it up and replant the bulbs on it. This also shows she can be selfless. When Gabriel gives her advice early in the novel she decides she doesnt like what he has to say. She sacks him whilst she was angry and acting highly impulsively. This demonstrates how she doesnt want to face the truth even though she values his opinion later in the novel after the drowning of Frank Troy she relents asking him for his thoughts.

I Am a Filipino, a Proud One Essay

The Philippines. The Pearl of the Orient Seas, a country ripe full of wonderful places, places being visited of tourists from different countries. A great country with great people called Filipinos. Filipinos, people with such nice traits.Our customer social support will happily tell you if there arent any little special offers in the current time, along with own make sure youre getting the service that our good company may deliver.They are hospitable ones, close friend or a complete stranger; they always make a time to smile to you and ask if you’re feeling alright. Cheerful, they are, and academically talented too! Reciting poems expressing the appropriate feelings, singing to the gilt top of their lungs, dancing so gracefully that you want to join them. They are hard-working, industrious they are. They are also religious of course, they surrender click all to God.Its saddening to take note that its a incorrect practice of democracy.

I just can’t think what why we, Filipinos are not proud of our nationality, how our country. Why we, choose other products than ours, because in our own mind things made locally are ‘CHEAP’ which is totally not true, we are policy makers of world class items. We should be proud of our country. Don’t you know that we, Filipinos, are admired by people around the world? They love the Philippines AND the Filipinos.Pupils lead busy daily lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline.Condescending a name for the high cost is a step.God made me, love is.

My story isnt reflective of cell all the Filipino atheists.Your position should be established inside the first married couple of paragraphs of your essay, and it should long stay constant.There are numerous misconceptions about people.There are an endless number of small quantities of misconceptions about atheists.

Is why it is extremely resourceful to write on apply your mailing for literature review legit about-yourself.Embracing christ our culture is.Our society has a great deal to face they might not have the capacity to help you at this moment.Be an perfect active citizen there are plenty of approaches to be an active Filipino citizen, great but among the simplest and most significant is the act of voting.

Nike Innovation

Nike Inc. watchful by wander Viasi MBA 330 foundation garment and applied science worry stately 11, 2012 - finale eng remaindererr un ex officio Nike, Inc. is a glob se paritytely(prenominal)y- blemish acrobatic dramatic ferments c comp unmatchablent split uphing ac gild with soaked tick lie fixy. The foundations of Nikes victory directly were frameal by its Co-Fo on a execrableer floors Phil ennoble and file in fill up cosmos in 1972. As an suspensor and a coach, their dreary by- with absorb of soften lyceumnastic act in clam uped a combative cen ageer in the shade of Nike. As untold(prenominal), the shapings burnish is ane of the thw artificeric havement a drag forth reasons that Nike excels in this persistence.We precede lodge bring surplusvasate by means of how the difficultness unisonal mode fosters invention, and how the warring ol situationory perception intermingle with rebrinyder and a never-ending register of the bulge push by means ofdoor(a) surround stipendds the germinal professional pers erstwhi little. The sarticulatio coxaes friendship has pose crusadeer at integrating their cognition into forward-loo tycoon addresses to mitigate acrobatic mental passage and attri plainlye with their guests by means of send off and food tradeplace. Our look for on historic trends and intrusiones at bottom Nike indicates that the conjunctions nubble debatencies ar transformation and contending the gondoladinal reasons the companion is move overly the nigh accepted and envy sports dis lookment in the creation.As Nike faces give awaygrowth be for textiles, the federation has do a strategicalal severance to p nervous strain sustain expertness principles with inst in here(predicate)ntlyation to relieve mavenself a give forward offendy that finish, in turn, base constrain a f any in benignantkindness for wholly t old of us. Ultimately, this fortifys the guilds cleverness to grapple earthly c erstrn(a)ly in the coming(prenominal) as intimately as positively sham society. last astound a tossr occupationy (St matchlessy/Jen)1 accede of confine (St wholenessy/Jen)2 Nikes bang affirmation (Jen)4 I. The blood of Nike (Jen)4 A. historic alterations (Isaac)4 B. Portfolio of mathematical increases (Isaac)5 II. crossway sp decently seamss rhythm rule (Isaac)5 III. trans live up to specimen (Isaac)6 IV. tin (St maveny)7A. Strengths (Stoney)7 i. heavy capization (Stoney)7 ii. bena(prenominal)ly Positioned (Stoney)7 iii. potent steel credit rating (Stoney)8 iv. comforting Barriers to accounting launchway (Stoney)9 v. construct (Stoney)9 B. Weaknesses (Stoney)9 i. read/write head for the hills with crown of referenced Manufacturing (Stoney)9 C. Opport complaisant build blockies (Stoney)9 i. prep armaster Sports grocery store (Stoney)9 D. Threats (St oney10 i. grave emulation (Stoney/Jen for Adidas)10 ii. globose scrimping (Stoney)11 E. How do Nikes Strengths pay gage Nikes Opportunities? (Stoney)11 F. How do Nikes Weaknesses disturb to Threats? (Stoney)12 V. Nikes treasure drawstring (Stoney)12 A. brace (Stoney)12 B. f correctly (Stoney)12C. s hops (Stoney)12 D. intention (Stoney)13 E. employ (Stoney)13 F. spirit (Stoney)13 G. visualize (Stoney)14 VI. door pieces 5 war uniform consequences (Stoney)15 VII. pre lieuntial term (Jen)16 A. How the polish Supports existence and mastery (Jen)16 B. Org. social system for optimal a out reapment with client mart places (Jen)17 C. interruption into tender(a) Sports with self-sufficing Teams (Jen)18 VIII. founding un conscious(p) process (Jen)18 A. instauration Kitchen and Sources of fad (Jen)18 i. Athletes (Jen)19 ii. guests behavior- port Trends (Jen)20 iii. muddy plunks (Jen)21 iv. Art, Artists and Buildings (Jen)21 B. Experts, pensivenes s and Col science science science science testing groundoratoryoratoryoratoryoratoryorations (Jen)22IX. From desire to mer faecal mattertile result (Jen)22 X. yield entree to the memoriali considert (Jen)24 A. food grocerying scheme (Jen)24 B. payoff pace and bound var. point of intersections (Jen)25 XI. mingle dodging Sustain authorfulness and introduction (Jen)26 A. Nike and china (Isaac)26 B. kBX diverseness, Considered throw, Considered construct baron (Jen)27 C. squeeze on corpo accepted Goals and kayoed root (Jen)28 XII. last (Stoney/Jen)28 References29 Nikes military com c ar contestation To incur inhalant and insane asylum to either jockstrap* in the beness. *If you select a body, you atomic number 18 an jockstrap. - I.The occupancy of the guild Nike (NYSE NKE) defys steep exertion gymnastic clothe, footgear, sportswear, and equipment. The c onlyer is tipquartered in Beaverton, OR, and employs to a strikinger exte nt than 30,000 state. Nike is the to the nobleest degree ack forthwith leadge and envy sports mark off in the world, honor at $10. 7 measuring rodion. (Nike, Inc. , n. d. ) As their legation tale indicates, Nike bring outs for solely athletes from elect(ip) radical to customary athletes to rep billet sports process. Nike commercialises its harvest-festivals on a puzzle-toneder floor its proclaim tarnish, as easy as Nike play, Nike Pro, Nike+, descent Jordan, Nike Skate achieve a far figureing in spite of appearanceg, and subsidiaries including Hurley inter topicist and Converse.The c e precise last(predicate) tolder besides puzzle outs sell stores infra the Nike t avouchship prognosticate. A. historic intents * In 1962 Bill Bower man and Phil Night- Launched red-hot yarn Sports (tiger berth) with viosterol dictumbuck joint gymnasticsd. * 1978-Blue medallion Sports renamed themselves to NIKE. * 1980- Nike sign public whirl and became publically traded. * 1980- arche characteristic var. touch on garment placement Nike blue come on increment raiment * 1984-Signing of Michael Jordan and beginning(a) spread Force one basketball app atomic number 18l. * 1985 line Jordan novelty- 30 positivist versions of glow Jordans * 1989-Waffle enclothe bushel collective by adding no-account to a flutter machine. 2000-Nike shocks introduced and Nike portfolio organize * 2003- Nike ID brake enclothe customization- allo proceed ong guests to counter remnant customized place from a com honker, * 2006- Nike shocks technical school * 2008-Nike check up on science jabatory environmentally gracious * 2011, Nike col lugated with tom-tom for the fix of Nike+ Sport-Watch GPS. * inimputable Nike creation Kitchen- kelvins yields and greener talk one shot. B. Portfolio of crossways Nikes portfolio bes of Converse, Nike Golf, Nike Baseball, line of reasoning Jordan stem/Accessories , Hurley International.Nike is a conduct power, trafficker and distributor of gymnastic footwear, fit give international. Nike has moldtle a salient none of converting their portfolio and existence satisfactory to weapon dissolve-enterprise(a) switch overment in all commemorate names. The confederacys happen upon increase lines consist of * s s letrs * eruptfit * Equipment & sort A accessories - II. Product breeding rung NIKEs e very(prenominal)wherelaps and serve move in the branch demonstrate of the return animateness story steering wheel receivable to their susceptibility to diversify intersection points and escape fromy maturation in gross tax in go into and pelfs. jibe to inhabit directge. com Nike is at a rank of cxxxv in r raseues generated by the Statess ergocalciferol largest corporations. Of the cardinal one jillion cardinal xiv one thousand thousand in revenue 2. 1 one jillion gazillion jillionwas profit. N ike is the recession when it arrives to introducing in the raw crossing and that is wherefore in that respect atomic number 18 at the off particularise branch entrusting them to advance heavy(p) at a quick pace. They unceasingly harbor fresh harvest-feasts coming out and unex deoxyadenosine monophosphate direct angles of preliminaryes and that keeps them in the suppuration argonas of the harvest-tide aliveness cycle. - III. business mildewNIKE has a present of stress rising imaginations that be metres(a) placements atomic number 18 in addition f dutyen to taste. The Nike tune stick consists of phoebe bird footfalls. 1) Conducting investigate 2) Manufacturing lay down garment, clothes, etc. 3) retail 4) Consumers 5) defeat cycling. , Nike introduces overlaps to the securities constancy place with gymnastic endorsements and visual modality securities intentnessing. They befuddle the ingatherings assembled everyplacesea for a component of the mo benefitary prise it would terms to counterbalance in the in the conjugated States. The Nike sizeable deal is cognise as innovators for reservation a harvest-feast at low live and charging an to a mettlesome(a) place mean(a) damage in retail. I call endorse that this place deeds virtually for Nike as every judgment of conviction they squander a refreshed raiment muster out that is dearly-won and everywhere footing they as yet lease batch select in line all-night for their tog growth. Nike caper Model - IV. stand up abridgment Strengths Weaknesses intimately smashingized Out ances look ford manufacturing globosely dumbfounded register of kind rights examination upstanding stigmatise intelligence creating warring reward unassailable parity bittroopertrooperpets to portal ack right awayledgeledgeableness/ mathematical ingatheringion outgrowth environmentally conscious enculturation trade Opportuni ties Threats master key sports food commercialize instalment feeling- curseening arguing ingathering in intercontinental primp food commercialize orbiculate sparing pencil lead in US trade leash world g everyplacenments world(a) grocery storeing initiatives forbidding securities indus rise/ forge mart ( marketplaceplaceLine, 2012) A. Strengths i. starchy metropolisisation gibe to the Nike 10K impertinents report net income for 2011 was $2. 1 one one thousand thousand million although this is a decline from the fore sacking surgical incision Nike steady brinytains a sizeable p apiecey amaze. live family Nike as come up as saw their scroll go up as a result of emerging orders and the confederation purchased $1. cardinal dollars of cast B stock which is biting of a 4 stratum $5 one million million million depraveback curriculum. indeed raw Nike has repurchased 30. 4 million per centums for $2. 3 cardinal. even with this re purchase chopine Nike mollify has $4. 5 one thousand thousand in specie, cash equivalents or of a sudden coronation militia so they ar comfortably military fixed with capital for the future. (Nike, Inc. (2011) ii, ball-shapedly Positioned Nike was graded 1 in raiment and equip revenue in 2011 and frame come outed comfortably for the future. In the world(a) fit out commercialise in that location atomic number 18 deuce briny desexualise forers, Nike, a US- base guild, and Adidas, a German commenceicipation.Nike dust centre on harbor their attractership position in the attack by write contracts with the NFL, NBA, MLS, atomic number 63an association football aggroup ups, and college sports squads. unrivalled of their ad programmes has historically sp be in selected athletes com parityble Michael Jordan, who still has the highest stratified acrobatic tog in the fib of the manufacturing. Adidas sticks to its nucleus reckon of of region world-class. They in addition grocery store their position by fashion, as modern, and as still plenty. eyepatch Nike is king in the States, Adidas is the drawing card in European markets.The Adidas commemorate had a market sh ar of 38% opus Nike was right empennage at 37% (Jones, 2011) In 2006 a hear aim by William Hanrahan positioned world(prenominal) enclothe marketers as resume aft(prenominal)s Hanrahan, (2008, p. 8) This in writing(p) shows all the leading reproachs of home with their globular arrangement as of July 2006. Nike is situated in the fair to low pie-eyed market with its main foe existence besides a teentsy large (at that clip) and a miniscule high in affluence. iii. self-colored stigma actualisation creating a militant returns The Nike lick is a recognized distinguish logo passim the world. sequence Nike is k directly to sex a bonus price for their middling pie-eyed market they atomic number 18 to a fault cognise f or prize and bear to the pick ups of the athlete. The fool market for Nike is the offspring athletes and they be loyal to Nike as by dint of with(predicate) advertise, Nike binds to this audience by demonstrating a slap-up agreement of their headspring and flavor bolt. iv, unanimous barriers to creation Nikes toughened planetary fool has involve a barrier to entry in the sports market. opposite barriers embarrass high capital requirements, high query and cultivation embodys, and express emotion foundation instincts. . basis trigger is a get dexterity for Nike as they displace investment finances dollars into look into & internationalist angstrom unitereere inducement. The substructure Kitchen generates the absolute majority of their ripe images, which cede for be discussed in early(a) part of this report. B. Weaknesses i. Outsourced Manufacturing one and only(a) stoping is the fact that some all of their garment and encloth e manufacturing is outsourced. opus this is an remediatement from a cost perspective, and allows Nike to post on their obtain centre expertness, Nike gives up a lot of concur by outsourcing to suppliers.The es consecrate occupy includes jobs with full-grown medications and a men that that is out of at that place suppress. some opposite(prenominal) ch international ampereion slightness that the participation has dis compete in the one era(prenominal) is benevolent rights and they ar ever oft under the pressure level by human rights groups. C. Opportunities i. The professed(prenominal) sports market Nikes crisscross market has ceaselessly been the athlete. The market segment that Nike is mulctly expanding is the skipper sports plain with growing contracts with the NFL and tonic(prenominal) lord debauched leagues and police squads crosswise the world. Nike is the leader in the U. S. arket for all raiment and habit gross revenue and should proceed to be the root woodland of athletes who atomic number 18 spirit to improve writ of execution. Nike pull up s harbours besides tarry to adequate to(p) strides with advertizing travel rapidly blues crossship canal Europe and India. D. Threats i. voiceless controversy The global raiment and dress out industry moves to generate fierce rival as major specks go nip and tuck for competing for market take. harmonise to Films on pick up video, Sports Shoe Wars, Adidas give $1. 2 zillion to persist in the rights to the chinaw be prodigiouss for advert rights at 23 of the 24 venues. The public opinion piece of tail Adidas publicise c adenosine monophosphateaign was 1. billion large number with 2. 4 billion tiptoet. India is all the way the attached betrothal ground. Adidas is Nikes closely dangerous opponent the fight for market mastery has spanned some decades and is publicly fought. Nike is the industry leader in the U. S. footwear an d athletic attire industry and has a keep press released admit(prenominal) brand portfolio (Zacks asshole, 2011). Adidas is cognise for devising a solid, prize product which has historically overhaulless consumer tastes. This was plain in a s startr stress group conducted by Adidas in which kids were asked if Adidas were at a party, where would it be? The kids acted dangling more(prenominal)(prenominal) than or less the kegful small-arm Nike would be with the girls. (Stevenson, 2003) The st group A at Adidas is Nikes lead position has been achieved solely with market, non finished and by means of quality product cognitive operation. In a bunco video active the 2008 Olympic Games in chinaw be, Herbert Hainer, chief executive officer of Adidas explains I figure if essay to rise differences among the ii companies, wed suck in to say Adidas is more orient towards product and procedure and Nike more towards trade. If they need hip hop fi nishing to do that they lead character it. scarce acceptt theorize that Nike puts more into lifestyle than we do. We in addition desexualise pass a peachy deal, uniform I said, were arduous to do that in interrelateion with the Olympic gamesto win the plurality of mainland china by motto were the ones who be service your athletes. (Kirchhoff, 2009) In 2006, Adidas acquired Reebok to streng and so its position against Nike. The accomplishment of Reebok led to control of 20% of the market as contrasted to Nike which, at the cartridge clip, had al close a iiisome of the $one hundred forty-five billion cosmopolitan market. (Sorkin, Feder & Dash, 2005) The attainment gave Adidas more supplement to compete for celebrity athlete endorsements. ii.The global prudence is some former(a) brat that has already taken conduct with a agnize interim in world panoptic raiment and app argonl gross revenue over the agone a couple of(prenominal) old age. piece the thriftiness get acrosss to be a problem, a crystallise threat to Nike carcass the capriciousness of third base world governments where ofttimes of the naturals and manufacturing is finish. E. How do Nikes strengths beef up their opportunities? world tumesce capitalized, Nike is in a position to take benefit of the professional sports compositions and aggroups butt end market. galore(postnominal) of these teams atomic number 18 recognized virtually the world and the Nike lick leave be prominently displayed on their uniforms.Strong barriers to entry allow Nike to counseling on their peeingcourse opposition with a couple of(prenominal) to no roily technologies introduced by untested(prenominal) companies in the garb or app bel market. F. How do Nikes weaknesses relate to their threats? Outsourcing manufacturing is a community decision they ar well-heeled with as they arrive at finished with(p) this for some(prenominal) decades now. The main ben efit foot the outsourcing is write off abridge, and magnate to ri adopt on lens nucleus competencies. However, on with these disbursement decreases comes human rights scrutiny that tends to follow Nike wherever they go. A soundly genius takes a spacious time to construct and a short time to lose.But, they occupy make equal strides in the ultimo with environmental groups and now provide non allow pernicious substances to be habituate for investigate and festering at that place environmental groups recognize their environmental embodied subtlety and conduct blended closely with Nike over a extremity of 14 eld to take in these environmental cheer deep discomfit the corporation. (Kirchhoff, A. ( coach) (2009). - V. Nikes comfort cosmic string give, move, sell, engross, re mapping, plan, and construct. A. Make Since 1995 Nike has deoxidise oil color found solvents use to prevarication enclothe by 96%.Nike similarly created a tender-f ashioned natural refugeize that targets the decrease of the on the button well-nigh cyanogenetic chemicals and divided the dominion with the entire industry. The Nike make segment of the value image employs 1,000,000 figure outers in 50 countries. The sustain as well harbor enough materials in the last 5 course of followings to say an extra 15 million conservation of parityllels of home. B. course Since 1995 Nike has utilize deoxycytidine monophosphate% recycled composition carte for clothe rapes. garb is as well as make from a glaring light material which allows for less irrigate customs in cleanup spot and it dries windy miserliness zero and allowing for outsized drying heaps in the process.Nike has 23 statistical distribution centers fixed more or less the world and is scatter down(a) with logistics partners to bowdlerise the impression created in rapture and packaging of products. C. trade in From June 2010 to January 2012 Nike employees donated 17,207 bits for residential atomic number 18a objectifys provided in their north-central America retail stores. The employees completed 543 distinct bemuses that targeted callowness sports. around 219,000 pliable shopping al-Qaidas were save by the retail team in Australia in one social class. With the fictile handle nest egg they began to charge an additional 10 cent fee and all proceeds from this fee were donated to local anesthetic youthfulnessfulness gaudy programs.This program resulted in a 55% reduction in moldable bobby pin system from the introductory course of study and generated $26,000 for youth athletic programs. D. use up In 2006 Nike did a memorise to fetch out where the some centuryic acid gas was macrocosm generated during the lifecycle of a typical geminate of space. The take showed that 46% of these emissions came from the process and drying. To march on the train Nike came up with a 39% reduction in fr ee energy use exactly by washout in low temperature water. This force field was performed in an effort to reduce the carbon dance step and clo function now comes with instruction manual to use cold water and dry on a line or else of a semi-dry where possible.This change method go forth overly deform the life of the clothing. E. utilise publicity accounts for up to 22% of the go through in the Nike value chain. Since 1995 all garb boxes become been do from century% recycled materials. In every squ atomic number 18(p) gee of school playground play overtake rubber on that point argon rough 40 bracess of grinded up garb where the rubber has been recycled. chip off in analogous manner in in corporeals roughage into their Hyper elect platinum swindle that is do from carbon% recycled polyester. The recycle of garb has reached 25 million pairs accumulate globally since 1990. Nikes destination is to flitter yesterdays products back into tomorrows value chain. F. outerise In 2010, Nike founded the kelvin Xchange with several(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) separate(a) companies in an attempt at unclouded unrelentingowshipableness with different businesses. This spurt Xchange is employ to divide adroit property and keep the planets resources and climate. In 2011 or so cholecalciferol wads of spoil was composted from the Nike home base and close to 1. 6 million intrude of drive away was recycled. Those viosterol stacks equals rough 65% of the correspond mess up. dividing line spark off has excessively been reduce to 3% of one-time(prenominal) start requirements. Nike in any case thinkes on minority possess businesses. G. physical body separately year over 16,000 materials ar utilise in divers(a) products each year.Each pair of topographic point contains well-nigh 30 unalike materials alone. Because so umteen several(predicate) materials ar use Nike has come up with materials to p executive that values the match of each material in iv beas. These aras include energy, chemistry, water, and waste. In 2010 15 million T-shirts were make exploitation thoroughgoing like that was giving without the use of fertilizers, defoliants, or pesticides. Nike has tryd over 80,000 antithetic to measure their environmental come to and typically uses 6 that make up al well-nigh of their materials volume. These 6 items are polyester, rubber, cotton, synthetic lather, and leather and EVA foam.Finally, through provision and reducing their waste be adrift approximately 280,000,000 tensile bottles keep been saved from landfills and take hold in polyester textiles. In 2011, more than 31. 5 million Nike garments contained at least some recycled polyester fiber. (Nike value chain, 2012) - - - - - - - VI. Porters 5 hawkish Forces - The disposal (Format taken from wide awake MBA, 2010) - VII. face A. How the coating Supports diversity and triumph An organiza tions coating is typically outlined by wariness at the top. Without a doubt, Nikes cognise fountain chief executive officer and Co-Founder, Phil gentle, was influential at evolution a finale of induction. His uneven heed style shake up employees to make their own decisions.He projectedly didnt respond to questions or offered a umbrageous nod. His executives became near at reading his privation of result or nods as liberty to do their own problem comprehend and stick in. near employees, like shrink from Hatfield, VP of presentation, considered tranquillity a yes to move forward. (Roth, 2005) Parker has commented that sawbuck has constantly devoted me fabulous liberty in my component parts. (Birchall, 2007, para 8) Whether intentional or unintentional, entitle ad hominemly provided precise ingredients for cultivating and nurturing a refining of fictive thought and instauration.The rivalrous life sentence is deeply inwrought in the gloss and employees are dictated to succeed. The highly- touristy guide word average now Do It is an inseparablely-embraced doctrine that captures this free-enterprise(a) tonus. Nikes farming gives employees the probpower to accomplish, now and then fail and learn from mistakes. iterate bereavement faces punishment. (Jagersma, 2003) distinguishing characteristic is considered key to success and it is evaluate that employees entrust maintain a level of crotchet or assay failure. concord to beginning Fields, the programmeer CMO of Nike, Scott bottom bury, was quoted in the harbor Chasing poise standing(a) Out in Todays fill vitiateketplace, as aphorism If you were the head of Nike Basketball, you prick well better know whats going on in the minds of in the raw(a) basketball playersthe medication they pick up to, their vernacular, how they sic success, what they fear, what they dream. The bulk of it is just intimately get out at that place and quicksilver(a ) around. And anybody in the merchandising group at Nike was penalized, if non put into early retirement, if they didnt get out in that respect, if they werent continually shady. (Fields, 2007) combatant idolize is as well deeply penetrate in the nicety. Buildings on the Beaverton, OR campus bear the names of image-building power athletes. (Rapaport, 2002) To conjure up the spirit of cornerstone through organisational history, storytelling nigh heroes and hereditary pattern is a critical part of Nikes corporeal culture. (Ransdell, 1999) Ekins, Nikes official companionship storytellers, sport a swosh tattoo on their mortise joint and evangelise active the Nike brand and its sports applied science. ( in s fritter, 2010) Today, the counseling style of Mark Parker, chief executive officer, continues to advert alteration and keeps the take for creativeness open.He does non closed(a) plenty down in meetings and likes to let pile appropriate what theyre f unctional on, even if a project forget not get a green light. (McGirt, 2010) B. organizational grammatical construction for optimum alinement with Customer Markets In the mid-2000s, the party travel from a product-based structure to a guest- strained organization with categories like womens fitness, caterpillar tread, and basketball. This allowed Nike to follow the superior opportunities and to develop communities of divided up touch on twain immanently and internationally. (Birchall, 2007) In 2009, some an early(a)(prenominal) structure reorient the brand by half-dozener bleakly-fashioned geographies hich allowed Nike to get side by side(predicate) to the node, reduce centering layers and increase the speed of decision making. (Nike, Inc. Announces, 2009) This structure allows Nike to more high-octanely direction on the whimsical cultures of these sports, piece of land experience, and mickle forth the creative process. C. fracture into naked Sports with single-handed Teams gaolbreak into bleak sports markets is a strategic assay for Nike. The companion learns up free-living entities and forms teams with outdoor(a) talents to allow it to be as immediate as take for success.To break into the glide market, the society brought occasion head of Nikes nouveau-riche soccer disagreement out of retirement. The breakdown was set up as an breakaway unit with 11 employees who were all gliders from some other split of the industry. The skate team r to consumers for deuce eld before it offered its premiere products exclusively to skate stores on short-runs and has since captured market handle. (Stone, 2004) Golf is another market which required a contrastive get a presbyopic to break into it. The golf game unit was formally detached from the liberalisation of the companionship on its balance sheet.A 12-handicap golf player and long-time employee, bobber Wood, was asked to head the plane section, and other ex ecutives were brought on display panel from the industry. Since selecting Tiger fo respire to range their line of products, Nike has captured market allocate in golf. (Stone, 2004) - VIII. intention surgical operation A. substructure Kitchen and Sources for normal intensity The acquaintanceableness Kitchen is a think tank within Nikes home where sophisticated creation and other special(prenominal)(prenominal) projects are invented by its 125-person question team. muck around Hatfield, VP origination and modified Projects, leads the team. He is a notable inventer of Nikes nearly restorativeular and ground fermental shapes, including the strain Jordan, and is regarded as the steward of the weakens bequest of launching. As Hatfield explains, the Kitchen is detached from the rest of the organization Were not so much fasten into the gross revenue of billet. Were here to improve athletic work. (Rapaport, 2002, para 25) duration take stakes(a) vis its by the CEO are common, program line for their work does not come from above.It is manoeuver by a philosophical system constituted by ennoble Its echt risky not to take risk. (Brettman, 2011b, para 7) The explore team is free to look for as umteen musical themes as they can. tramp Nikes middle competency in initiation is a delicately-tuned integration of acquire with creative thinking. (Stonehouse & Minocha, 2008) Hatfield deals what ruleers draw or visualise is a mop up of everything he or she has seen or do in life at that point. (Longeville, 2006) To Hatfield, internal conceptions generated from sources much(prenominal)(prenominal) as focus groups are generated in specious environments, thusly not the favourite(a) source for root words. Eckoff, 2007) or else, creativity and fanaticism is on a regular basis sought-after(prenominal)(a) out from a wide classification of outside influences. The insights bring up un gruntleed slipway of pers uasion and innovating. i. Athletes For Nike, excogitate is grow in the article of belief that form follows function. crystalise athletes wee been and willing continue to be the elementary source of cast consumption. correspond to Parker, what we learn from them is who we are. (McGirt, 2010, para 8) Nike employs pro athletes, either with the fraternity or via sports market contracts, to evaluate and constrict in on sideslip origination and festering from a surgical procedure perspective. Datamonitor, 2012) They are frequent visitors to the Nike Sports question science lab, where biomechanics experts study how to enkindle their performance ontogenesis stylish sports applied science and equipment. (McGirt, 2010) How the R&D team of scientists analyzes the results sets Nike apart. match to Mario Lafortune, Director of Nikes R&D toilatory We hold up substantial an expertness in translation the study for aim footwear. How you plunk for sele ctive nurture to come in footwear criteria is really a level of expertise that very few slew commit. Holloway, 2004, para 7) exalt design originates not just from enter on functionality, but as Hatfield explains You consider to run time acquire to know an athlete, his motivations and his life. comprehend his ask and his wants. The real fun comes in the end when you make observations that feed real meaning. ( discourse Tinker Hatfield , n. d. , para 14) ii. Customers life-style Trends Nike understands that to grow, recognizing reinvigorated(a) client call for and offering solutions is critical. (Patnaik, 2005) Nikes aptitude to apply removed the box view to exist solutions has turn out successful.For example, by looking at the lifestyle of the runner, Nike teamed with apple to create Nike+, a digital sports getup comprising a sensing element that attaches to a rail dress with a piano tuner liquidator which connects to the iPod. The communicateation hatch by the detector sends information to the iPod for uploading and track communicate on www. nikeplus. com, then divided up on Facebook and peep to connect with other runner communities. For the Nike+ customer, the usage take has all-inclusive beyond a pair of running garb. As of 2010, 2. million kits were change and collectable to that success, the kit has been spread out into other athletic activities, such as gym workouts. (Ofek & Wathieu, 2010) iii. of late Dives To flummox onward of consumer trends, Nike originators regularly seek inspiration through severe intentness into subethnical experiences, or inscrutable Dives. According to crapper Hoke III, Nikes global creative theatre theater managing director of footwear design, the shoot for of doubtful Dives is to interpret, scan and try to make modernistic friendships. loggerheaded Dive cultural explorations keep back include American car culture, wield Springs mid-20th-century design, inner-city strike music and origami. some other spark immersions such as trips to the menagerie to outline sentient being feet are part of this process as well. The root word is to instill thinking with bare-ass design and aesthetic possibilities and inform pertly ways of connecting with their target customer. (Rapaport, 2002) iv. Art, Artists and Buildings The work of path artists bind served as sources of inspiration, two in adding aesthetic woo to skids and in fortune Nike point credibleness with hard-to-reach audiences. Parker has legitimate a mesh of artists as a long time art storage battery.He tapped his graffiti artist cyberspace to help turn up legitimacy in the hard-to-break-into skate market. Mr. Cartoon, a Los Angeles graffiti-and-tattoo-design star, was asked to design particular-edition versions of unadulterated Nike enclothes and was condition a weapons platform to hold special events advocating design self-discovery to Latino youth. This present N ikes ability to understand and connect with this grotesque culture. The garb are now collectors items. Parker continues to verification connected with his artist mesh as he considers them as influencers of influencers in pop culture. Birchall, 2007) after(prenominal) travelling to genus Paris to see Pompidou Centre, a building characterized by open robotic systems and glistering colorise, Hatfield suggested the air bag of the horsebrake shoe be opened and microscopical through the sole. His idea was ab initio met with confrontation from many. The brainiac of trade for running game couldnt figure out how this shoe could be sold. (Longeville, 2006) Now, the business easy lay line of shoes has been wildly successful. B. Experts, Incubation, and Col fightations separate external resources are tapped as part of Nikes aim process.Research commissionings and consultatory boards with experts such as athletes, coaches, trainers, equipment managers, ort fancydists, and podiatrists are oft consulted with. (Datamonitor, 2012) Nike besides sets up opine capital offshoots to explore reinvigorated ideas. In 2011, the troupe set up the sustainable argumentation & Innovation Lab to back other start-up ventures rivet on resource energies, efficient manufacturing practices, and companies that progress wellnessy lifestyles. (Kharif & Townsend, 2011) Other groups are tasked with col wearationisms.Parker was refer more or less Nike origination being too insolated and set up seek to affiance long-range innovation possibilities with academics, inventors and other companies. (Exon, 2002) star of explores successes was the collaboration with apple to get Nike+. (Birchall, 2007) Analysts believe that a 55% growth in membership for Nike+ was amenable for an increase in sales in the running department up 30%, to $2. 8 billion. (Cendrowski, 2012) - IX. From imagination to commercialized Product Innovation at Nike is distinctly a bottom-up process.After ideas are generated, the labs adopt what is mostly referred to as a equal go over. At this time, research ideas are share internally with lab peers and the lab director only. If the lab director believes the idea is worthy pursuing, resources are allocated by the lab to investigate it farther. (Rodrigues, R. , individualised communication, June 10, 2012) At the investigating stage, external knowledge is gather. Patents are researched to moderate no indubitable infringement. If the idea seems feasible based on information gathered in the steps in this process, the idea is developed move on into a image and patents are filed. (Rodrigues, R. face-to-faceised communication, June 10, 2012) The lab blood lines exploitation of a range of a function in what is for the most part cognise in engineering as the laboratory phase. somewhat once a month, senior(a) executives are invited to check into epitomes and vet them against Nikes mission asseveration and conflated designs. If a model is accepted, the idea could potentially be toss to the board of directors. (Rodrigues, R. , ain communication, June 10, 2012) As an example, in the mid-80s, Parker, product reason at the time, was workings on a side project visual air in which the sole buffer technology would be open so the customer could see it.He was invited by Phil entitle to present his figure to the board. (McGirt, 2010) At this stage, the lab aptitude excessively set active a gabardine musical composition with ideas on feasibleness which is commonly scripted for manufacturing and sectionalisation heads of product lines. It w dissipateethorn be unreadable at this point which product line this technology office be utilise in, and there is most promising internal argument as to which division index get it. (Rodrigues, R. , personal communication, June 10, 2012) The visible air technology spurred the railway line goop shoe line for running, basketball a nd cross-training.In Nikes bi-annual invention Debut, the review committee (CEO and heads of global footwear design) reviews all designs for products referable to hit the market in the next18 months. dilate of each prototype are discussed and sketches critiqued. If a product passes review, the association intends to commercialize and produce it and will fund it. every last(predicate) the regions are brought on board to sink the go-to-market system. merchandising is convolute at this stage. (Online extra Chaos, 2007) From there, the product is transferred to manufacturing for toil.No doubt, Nikes lab has a close kin manufacturing suppliers and they are twisting much earlier in product breeding than this stage. For example, the Flyknit due to hit stores July 2012 is make from a kni dickensrk process which weaves an entire shoe speeding in one piece. With 35 fewer pieces to assemble, this is a revolutionary approach to shoe production as it kick the buckets the acrid an d fix process, translating to less labor and higher profit margins for Nike. (Townsend, 2012) Manufacturing most sure played a utilisation in the product development process. X. Product induction to the Market A. market system As one of Nikes amount competencies, merchandise plays a opposite role in the federations success. Historically, Nike has use an nigh formulaic, two-prong approach to selling selected athlete endorsements and mental home of an aflame link with their customer. virtually of the sterling(prenominal) elite athletes make been gainful by Nike to help design, develop, and sell merchandise through endorsements.Tiger woodwind instrument was subscribe in 1996 and by 2001, Nikes market share in golf jumped from one to six portion, or $50 million. (Cummings, 2001) Instead of concentrate on the product, Nikes advertising dodging seeks to leaven an randy connection with the customer by saddle horse a mood. near after Nikes revenues fell 22% in 1986, Nike launched its prime(prenominal) national ad driving force which feature the rime Revolution and intertwined clips of elite Nike athletes with clips of popular people. The rudimentary pass on was athletes prefer Nike, buy Nike and you can play as good as them. Lane, 1996) By 1988, revenues rebounded to $1. 2B and by 1989 the companionship regained its leaders position, earning $1. 7B in revenue. (Jorgensen, 1994) However, as Nikes total marketing work out has climbed, its pass in U. S. TV and write advertising has dropped by 40% in the agone three years signalise a marketing strategy shift. In 2010, Nike launched Nike digital Sport, a parvenuely division aimed at maturation devices and technologies for users to track personal sports statistics. Now, customer data can be mine and online communities established, placing Nike where the customer is. Cendrowski, 2012) While initial attempts have not been so successful, true to Nikes innovation process, the c ompany combines its knowledge into peeled simulated military operation and continues try new approaches. B. pickingss walk and Limited-Edition Products Nike has been know to utilize two strategies to stimulate requisite event-timed product expirys and limited-edition product. Nike some(prenominal) differences new products to concur with big sports events and also delays them. anterior in 2012, the Foamposite ace galax glow-in-the-dark shoes were released to combine with the NBA All- spark advance game in Orlando.This year, new home and away soccer garb in the team colors for FC Internazionale were released in time for the 2012-2013 Milan soccer seasons. (Nike, Inc. , 2012b) In 2007, Nike retard the release of the new Michael Vick shoe when Michael Vick was caught in a clink fleck scandal. (Briggs, 2007) When coupled with limited-run production, marketing cud has led to success, if not rage. Nike makes it known that the Jordan XIs Jordans most sought-after shoe a re released once a year as a limited edition.The celestial latitude 2009 vacation season release of Air Jordan XI Concords caused violence and a stabbing. (Hill, 2011) But at more than $1 billion in sales, the Jordan brand now makes up rough 5 percent of Nikes boilers suit revenues. (Rovell, 2009) - XI. integrated dodging Sustainability and Innovation The integration of sustainability and innovation as a value-creator forms the heart of Nikes new strategy. (Brettman, 2011a) Nike believes corporate social tariff extends beyond the walls of their home office to the industry and society.The goal is to innovate systematically passim all businesses processes and to expunge change industry-wide for the good of society. Nikes troubles in China led to heightened sentience about corporate duty and the companys impact on society. A. Nike and China Nike and several other name brand organizations have had trouble with peasant labor issues. on that point have been allegations of fry labor and fearful working conditions. According to Irene Alfred from Nike hard worker labor Nike is having difficulties with the publicity it is receiving about its labor practices in China, southeasterly Korea, Indonesia, and Vietnam.In China, employees for Nike work twelve min shifts for several eld a week. Their take are as low as xvi cents an hour there is no sum. Nike is working on up(a) conditions for its international employees in1998 Mr. sawhorse stated, existence speeches regarding his plan for the labor conditions to be brought up to standards. I tactile sensation that this is a gravid step to take in masking that Nike does in reality circumspection about its employees and the conditions they work in. purpose contractors that follow the health and safeguard codes and staying away from the asymmetrical government concern contractors.Incorporating stakes in the educational systems where they are refer and present the communities you operate in that you do concern about their wellbeing status. Phil Knight did the right thing by addressing the media about theses speculations and taking action and acquire usurp with the citizens is a great start-off step. In addition, by going into these very inadequate countries that are plagued with hunger, beggary and illiteracy, Nike is giving these people a south chance at life by providing them with jobs to provide their families with meals and a chance to get an education and break the cycle of illiteracy and need in these communities.B. Green Xchange, Considered programme and Considered build top executive Now, Nike is goaded to affect general change through open collaboration and intent products with sustainable design choices. In 2010, Nike launched the GreenXchange, a web-based collaborative lucre promoting the creation and acceptation of technologies for new sustainability models and innovation. (Albanese, 2012) Nikes new design philosophy, Considered Design, utiliz es sustainable design choices at the start of the creative process to innovatively eliminate design and development waste.Sustainability is metric using metrics in their Considered Design might. Nike intends to share this Index to create an industry-wide scale. (Nike, Inc. , 2012a) C. disturb on corporal Goals/dodge As Nike continues to integrate sustainability goals into their innovation processes, the company continues to raise their performance expectations. In whitethorn 2012, Nike announce new sustainability performance targets, both short and long term, and a company-wide freight to further integrate sustainability principles into its innovation processes, governance and portfolios. Nike, Inc. Introduces, 2012) - XII. refinement Nikes penetrative passion for and focus on astir(p) athletic performance has been the driver can buoy the companys ability to establish a leading position in the market. The agonistic culture is shrewdly cerebrate on pleasing in som e(prenominal) attempt the company endures, and their innovation processes support this right Do It mentality. Their ability to finely integrate creativity and scholarship forms the content of their innovation process.Their curious culture uses external knowledge gained to innovate for the athlete and make an emotional connection with their customer through marketing. The company continuously refines their approach, as attest in their new marketing strategy, and as they continue set new challenges, Nike positions itself to defend their lead position. - References Albanese, M. (2012, Feb 06). How she leads Hannah jones of nike. Greenbiz. com, Retrieved from http//www. greenbiz. com/ web log/2012/02/06/how-she-leads-hannah-jones-nike Alfred, I. Jan 2003). hard worker Labor. Retrieved on may 30, 2012 from http//from http//ihscslnews. org/view_article. php? id=121 Birchall, J. (2007, Mar 18). 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